As Gabon’s oil production gradually declines, the nation is shifting its economic focus toward expanding its mining sector. This strategic pivot aims to bolster growth while diminishing reliance on hydrocarbon revenues. Authorities have set an ambitious target: launching operations at eight new mines by 2030.
Key mining projects driving the transformation
The Ministry of Mines has outlined several high-potential projects currently under review or in development. These initiatives target critical minerals such as iron ore, gold, and potash. Notable upcoming operations include:
- Iron ore: Development of Milingui, Baniaka, Mébaga, and M’Bilan deposits
- Gold: Etéké mine expansion
- Potash: A dedicated extraction project
Economic impact: from 6% to 20% of GDP
The government envisions the mining sector’s contribution to gross domestic product rising dramatically—from the current 6% to nearly 20% within the next decade. This growth trajectory is expected to generate thousands of jobs and strengthen national revenue streams.
Infrastructure: the backbone of mining expansion
However, achieving these targets hinges on substantial infrastructure upgrades. Economist Orphée Mouelé highlights the urgent need for enhanced road and rail networks, improved port facilities, and a more reliable energy supply. These upgrades are vital to lowering logistics costs and streamlining mineral exports.
Sustainable development: balancing profits and people
Civil society organizations, including the Éthique et Bonne Gouvernance nonprofit, emphasize that success must extend beyond economic gains. They advocate for equitable distribution of mining profits, ensuring tangible benefits for local communities and fostering long-term social progress.
Local transformation: reducing export vulnerability
Gabon is prioritizing domestic processing of extracted resources to build a robust national mining industry. By increasing the value of exports and reducing exposure to volatile oil prices, the country aims to create a more resilient and diversified economy.